Temp. Vs. Density

Problem Scenario

finding the answer to this question cold help further our understanding of gravity.

Broad Question

If I take a balloon and fill it with air and bring it outside(cool it down) will its density increase, decrease, or stay the same?

Specific Question

Does temperature affect density of gasses?

Hypothesis

As the temperature decreases, the density will increase and if the air were to heat up the density would decrease.

Graph of Hypothesis

Variables

Independent Variable:

Temperature.

Dependent Variable:

Density.

Variables That Need To Be Controlled:

volume at the start of project,
what is being measured throughout the project.

Vocabulary List That Needs Explanation

• kinetic energy-the amount of energy created by the movement of atoms (friction)

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General Plan

I will be measuring the density of the air inside(warm air) and then comparing it to the density of the air outside(cold air).

Potential Problems And Solutions

keeping a balloon full of air cold while trying to measure the density. I will solve this by measuring the density outside.

Safety Or Environmental Concerns

I have none.

Experimental Design

(add the correct headings from the experimental design pagebefore beginning)

What is your experimental unit?

Air inside of a balloon.

Number Of Trials:

I will repeat this experiment 3 times.

Number Of Subjects In Each trial:

I will be using one 1 subject in each trial.

Number of Observations:

I will be taking 14 measurements.

When data will be collected

I will start collecting data on 2-13-13

Where will data be collected?:

at school, but I will be collectecting data inside and outside.

Resources and Budget Table

Item	Number needed	Where I will get this	Cost
balloons	5	science class
overflow cup	1	science class
quad beam or electric balance	1	science class

Detailed Procedure

1 Find the mass(g) and volume(cm cubed) of a balloon.
2 Blow up a balloon and measure the mass and volume of it.
3 Subtract the mass and volume of the non-blown-up balloon from the blown-up balloon.
4 Find the density of the blown-up balloon (m/v).
5 Bring the balloon outside(colder temp.) and measure the mass and volume.
6 follow step three again.
7 Compare the density of the warmer air with the colder air. If there is a differance in density

Diagram

Photo List

• picture(s) of my experiment

Time Line

• On the week of 2/8/13 I will collect supplies for my project.
• On the week of 2/15/13 I will set up and start project(finish by 2/15).
• On the week of 2/22/13 I will analyse my data.
• On the week of 3/1/13 I will write my discussion.
• On the weeks of 3/8/13 and 3/15/13 I will build my poster.

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Data Table

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Data Analysis

All Raw Data

See data table.

Graphs

Photos

Results

This experiment was done three different times. On the first try the the density of air inside was 0.0000874g/cm3 and 0.0000916g/cm3 outside. On the second try the density inside was 0.0001047g/cm3 and 0.0001735g/cm3 outside. On the third try the density inside was 0.000073g/cm3 and 0.0000942g/cm3. The measurements that were taken to find these densities were the volume and mass of a certain amount of air.On try one the volume of the warmer air was 1944ml and 1854ml for the colder air. The mass was 0.17g in the warmer and colder air.The volumes for try two are 2367.4ml for the warmer air and 2247.4ml for the colder. The masses are 0.39g for both.
The volumes for try three are 1506.8ml for the warmer air and 1166.8ml for the colder. The mass for both is 0.11g.

Conclusion

Does temperature affect density? The hypothesis states that it does; as temperature drops, density will rise and as temperature rises, density will drop. This experiment was done by comparing the density of air inside(warmer) to the density of air outside(colder). This experiment shows temperature does affect density; as temperature drops density will rise and as temperature rises density will drop. For example on try two the density inside was 0.0000942g/cm3 and the density of the air outside was 0.00001735g/cm3

Discussion

There was one major trend in this experiment. That was that the greater the difference between the inside temperature and the outside temperature the greater the difference was between the density inside and outside. Density doesn't just change at certain temperatures, It continues to change even if the temperature of the gasses changes by the littlest bit. This would explain why try two had a greater difference in density; it was colder out that day.

This experiment answered the original question. The question was does temperature affect the density of gasses. The experiment shows that it does; as temperature rises density will decrease, or as temperature drops density will rise. An example of this is try number two. On try two the density of the air at a warmer temperature was 0.0001047g/cm3 and 0.0001735g/cm3 in the colder air. This is because the colder or warmer the air the more or less kinetic energy(the amount of friction between atoms). The less kinetic energy the more mass can fit in a smaller space (volume). The more kinetic energy there is the more volume a certain amount of mass takes up. Heat creates more kinetic energy.

This experiment could also lead to other experiments that could further our knowledge about how gravity works. If we learn how gravity works we might be able to understand how to create anti gravity or learn if it exists. There are at least three ways this experiment could be furthered. One way is to do a project on whether density of gasses affects temperature or not. Another way is to do a project on what exactly temperature is. One other way this experiment could be furthered is by cooling down a cirtain gas and seeing if it will sink below a gass with a greater atomic weight.

Benefit to Community and/or Science

Some scientists could use this data in the real world. This data does not directly further science, but this experiment could lead to other experiments that could benefit science. Experiments that this one leads to may help get an understanding of what gravity really is.

Background Research

• as temp. rises density decreases and vice versa.
• When temp. cools down or heats up far enough the density will increase enough for matter to change phases. This happens because there is more or less kinetic energy
• kinetic energy is the amount of friction and movement between atoms; heat creates more friction and cold makes the atoms have less friction.
• Not only temperature affects density, but pressure affects the density of gasses too.
• pressure and density of gas increase and decrease at the same rate; if the pressure of air doubles, so does the density.

References:

Kennan, Mark. "Temperature Effects on Density." EHow. Demand Media, 12 Oct. 2009. Web. 14 Mar. 2013.

"Density." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 03 Dec. 2013. Web. 13 Mar. 2013.

"Effects of Pressure on Density." Effects of Pressure on Density. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Mar. 2013.

Abstract

Would you like to understand how gravity works? Well, this project could lead to other experiments that could answer that question. This experiment is about the relationship between temperature and density. This experiment was done by measuring the density of air at a colder temperature and a warmer temperature and comparing them. The data shows that as temperature drops density of gasses will rise and if temperature rises density will drop.